The People / Learn about civic tech / Academia / Peer-reviewed research

Peer-reviewed research

Collaborative research programs dedicated to investigate the relations between technology and civic engagement and other challenges around concepts like citizenship, participation, and democracy.

Showing 50 of 119 items
The levers of political persuasion with conversational artificial intelligence
science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aea3884

The levers of political persuasion with conversational artificial intelligence

Our findings suggest that the persuasive power of current and near-future AI is likely to stem less from model scale or personalization and more from post-training and prompting techniques that mobili...

London
Peer-reviewed research, Generative AI, Artificial Intelligence
science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adv3183

Global energy sector methane emissions estimated by using facility-level satellite observations

Global energy sector methane emissions estimated by using facility-level satellite observations

Montreal, QC, Canada
Satellites, Emerging tech, Environmental data
Politically Invisible in America
cambridge.org/core/journals/ps-political-science-and-politics/article/abs/politically-invisible-in-america/D5DFD71C3FFCE0E2D021A16EA46F1A25

Politically Invisible in America

Study finds at least 23% of the US population isn't included in the Voter File

United States of America 🇺🇸
Peer-reviewed research, Civic data, Evidence-driven campaigning
Durably reducing transphobia: A field experiment on door-to-door canvassing
science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aad9713?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email

Durably reducing transphobia: A field experiment on door-to-door canvassing

Durably reducing transphobia: A field experiment on door-to-door canvassing

Stanford Graduate School of Business, Knight Way, Stanford, CA
Evaluate impact, Peer-reviewed research, Narrative tech
Disentangling participation in online political discussions with a collective field experiment
science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.ady8022

Disentangling participation in online political discussions with a collective field experiment

These findings support preference- and incentive-based accounts of participation but suggest that light-touch interventions are unlikely to bridge participation gaps, let alone polarization.

Stanford University, Serra Mall, Stanford, CA
since 2025
Participatory democracy, Engagement tech, Learn about civic tech
TRIED: Truly Innovative and Effective AI Detection Benchmark
arxiv.org/abs/2504.21489

TRIED: Truly Innovative and Effective AI Detection Benchmark

a new framework for evaluating detection tools based on their real-world impact and capacity for innovation

Johannesburg, South Africa
since 2025
Artificial Intelligence, Personhood, Digital standards
Lessons from a Climate Citizens’ Assembly Kawasaki, Japan
iges.or.jp/en/pub/lessons-climate-citizens-assembly-kawasaki-japan/en

Lessons from a Climate Citizens’ Assembly Kawasaki, Japan

The Climate Citizens’ Assembly Kawasaki (CCAK) was implemented in mid-2021 to produce recommendations for the local government to incorporate into its basic climate plan.

Japan (Nihon or Nippon) 🇯🇵
Sortition & Citizen Assemblies, Specific instances of citizen assemblies, Peer-reviewed research
“News on the Street”: An Action Research Case Study of Embodied Live Journalism in an Urban Public Space
openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/35560

“News on the Street”: An Action Research Case Study of Embodied Live Journalism in an Urban Public Space

As journalists look for different ways to tell stories and rebuild communities, this paper details an action research approach to a unique live journalism event in a public space.

Nottingham, UK
since 2025
Media, Journalism, Engagement journalism
Making Sense of Open Government: A Conceptual Framework and Ideas for Future Research | Perspectives on Public Management and Governance
academic.oup.com/ppmg/article-abstract/6/2-3/80/7227227?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false

Making Sense of Open Government: A Conceptual Framework and Ideas for Future Research | Perspectives on Public Management and Governance

"[T]his article proposes an open government framework that integrates multiple concepts related to open government and categorizes them as either constitutive components or potential results"

Oxford, UK
since 2023
Govtech, Government transparency, Learn about civic tech
Eliciting People’s First-Order Concerns: Text Analysis of Open-Ended Survey Questions
scholar.harvard.edu/files/stantcheva/files/text_analysis_of_open-ended_questions.pdf

Eliciting People’s First-Order Concerns: Text Analysis of Open-Ended Survey Questions

Comparing traditionally structured survey questions vs. the benefits of open-ended survey questions combined with text analysis to allow a wider range of responses.

Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
Peer-reviewed research, Surveys & polling
harbinengineeringjournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/4607

AI and Cybersecurity in the Lagos State Public Sector: Opportunities and Risks

AI technologies can empower public agencies by enabling real-time network monitoring, predictive analytics for risk prevention, and automated responses to cyber incidents

Peer-reviewed research, Cybersecurity, Artificial Intelligence
Indicator Academic library
indicator.media/academic-library?utm_source=indicator.media&utm_medium=newsletter&utm_campaign=briefing-ai-comes-for-fashion-and-a-tool-for-guessing-email-addresses&_bhlid=033e6cd0d3cc29660f2f09ac3ae96adef746f993

Indicator Academic library

This is a regularly updated collection of academic studies and industry reports about digital deception. It currently includes short descriptions of 55 academic studies and systematic reports.

United States of America 🇺🇸
Fight disinformation, Peer-reviewed research
Bad Vaxx
badvaxx.com

Bad Vaxx

Level up your defenses! Learn to build resistance against manipulation.

Fight disinformation, Games and gamification, Peer-reviewed research
vaccines, Good health and well-being
Towards psychological herd immunity: Cross-cultural evidence for two prebunking interventions against COVID-19 misinformation
journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20539517211013868

Towards psychological herd immunity: Cross-cultural evidence for two prebunking interventions against COVID-19 misinformation

We find that Go Viral!, a novel five-minute browser game, (a) increases the perceived manipulativeness of misinformation about COVID-19, (b) improves people’s attitudinal certainty (confidence) in the...

since 2021
Fight disinformation, Games and gamification, Peer-reviewed research
vaccines, Good health and well-being
The cranky uncle game—combining humor and gamification to build student resilience against climate misinformation
researchgate.net/publication/361349140_The_cranky_uncle_game-combining_humor_and_gamification_to_build_student_resilience_against_climate_misinformation

The cranky uncle game—combining humor and gamification to build student resilience against climate misinformation

Combining humor and gamification to build student resilience against climate misinformation

Fight disinformation, Games and gamification, Peer-reviewed research
Climate action
Fake news game confers psychological resistance against online misinformation
nature.com/articles/s41599-019-0279-9

Fake news game confers psychological resistance against online misinformation

We provide initial evidence that people’s ability to spot and resist misinformation improves after gameplay, irrespective of education, age, political ideology, and cognitive style.

since 2019
Fight disinformation, Games and gamification, Peer-reviewed research
Cranky Uncle
crankyuncle.com

Cranky Uncle

The Cranky Uncle game uses cartoons and critical thinking to fight misinformation.

Fight disinformation, Games and gamification, Peer-reviewed research
apps, Climate action
Psychological inoculation improves resilience to and reduces willingness to share vaccine misinformation
nature.com/articles/s41598-025-09462-5?utm_source=indicator.media&utm_medium=newsletter&utm_campaign=briefing-ai-comes-for-fashion-and-a-tool-for-guessing-email-addresses&_bhlid=9998876ed9770d8e027abcc26b9bd612b05e13af

Psychological inoculation improves resilience to and reduces willingness to share vaccine misinformation

Our findings suggest that a short, low-cost, gamified intervention can increase resilience to vaccine misinformation.

Stanford University, Serra Mall, Stanford, CA
since 2025
Fight disinformation, Games and gamification, Peer-reviewed research
vaccines, Good health and well-being
The Inscrutable Code? The Deficient Scrutiny Problem of Automated Government
papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5028040

The Inscrutable Code? The Deficient Scrutiny Problem of Automated Government

This paper argues that automated decision-making in UK public administration lacks adequate scrutiny, and proposes regulatory safeguards through mandatory pre-deployment impact assessments and algorit...

Oxford, UK
since 2024
Automated Decision-making Systems (ADS), Govtech, Evaluate impact
Algorithmic Accountability in the UK - How FOIA Sheds Light on Automated Welfare
era.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/43635

Algorithmic Accountability in the UK - How FOIA Sheds Light on Automated Welfare

This study examines 51 Freedom of Information requests to reveal how the UK’s Department for Work and Pensions uses opaque data-driven fraud detection systems in welfare, highlighting the limited tran...

The University of Edinburgh
since 2025
Peer-reviewed research, Academia, Artificial Intelligence
Public Encounters and Government Chatbots: When Servers Talk to Citizens
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/puar.70005?utm_campaign=679690b19a-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_source=Burnes+Center+List&utm_term=0_8331c04252-44815c7f8e-683651584

Public Encounters and Government Chatbots: When Servers Talk to Citizens

This paper examines emerging experiences with chatbots in government interactions, with a focus on exploring what public administration practitioners and scholars should expect from chatbots in public...

Europe
since 2025
Bots, AI Constituent Service, Artificial Intelligence
Institutional Pressures and Bureaucratic Responsiveness: Why Do Public Agencies Respond to Freedom of Information Requests?
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/puar.70013

Institutional Pressures and Bureaucratic Responsiveness: Why Do Public Agencies Respond to Freedom of Information Requests?

"By conducting a national-scale field experiment among 949 provincial-level agencies in China....results show that legal regulative pressure and social normative pressure make agencies more likely to...

Tianjin, China
since 2025
Peer-reviewed research, Access to information
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
doaj.org

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

Directory of Open Access Journals: Find open access journals & articles.

Denmark (Danmark) 🇩🇰
Open knowledge, Open science, Research tools
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304387825000045?via%3Dihub&utm_source=Burnes+Center+List&utm_campaign=8431a0ebb1-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_8331c04252-44815c7f8e-683651584

The uneven reach of the state: A novel approach to mapping local state presence

A machine learning model trains on geo-located survey data to predict state presence.

Norway (Norge, Noreg) 🇳🇴
since 2025
Peer-reviewed research, Govtech, Artificial Intelligence
surveillance
AI and the Future of Digital Public Squares
arxiv.org/abs/2412.09988

AI and the Future of Digital Public Squares

Here, we explore four applications of LLMs to improve digital public squares: collective dialogue systems, bridging systems, community moderation, and proof-of-humanity systems.

since 2024
Peer-reviewed research, Learn about civic tech, Artificial Intelligence
Improving Delivery of the Social Safety Net: The Role of Stigma
academic.oup.com/jpart/article-abstract/34/2/270/7280562?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false

Improving Delivery of the Social Safety Net: The Role of Stigma

Article in Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory by Jessica Lasky-Fink and Elizabeth Linos

United States of America 🇺🇸
since 2023
Access social benefits, Govtech, Peer-reviewed research
Protests in the United States on Palestine and Israel, 2023–2024
tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14742837.2024.2415674?src=

Protests in the United States on Palestine and Israel, 2023–2024

Analyzes the size, rhetorical nature, and non-violent nature of the pro-Palestine protest wave, which it finds to be "the largest, most sustained US protests sparked by a foreign event" since their da...

Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
since 2024
Peer-reviewed research, Academia, Learn about civic tech
Israel Palestine
Using publicly available satellite imagery and deep learning to understand economic well-being in Africa
nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16185-w

Using publicly available satellite imagery and deep learning to understand economic well-being in Africa

Article in Nature by Christopher Yeh, Anthony Perez, Anne Driscoll, George Azzari, Zhongyi Tang, David Lobell, Stefano Ermon & Marshall Burke

Stanford University, Serra Mall, Stanford, CA
Machine learning, Artificial Intelligence, Satellites
No poverty
Journal of Democracy
muse.jhu.edu/pub/1/journal/98

Journal of Democracy

Focusing exclusively on democracy, the Journal monitors and analyzes democratic regimes and movements around the world.

Baltimore, MD
since 1990
Journals, Peer-reviewed research, Academia
tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23303131.2024.2427459#abstract

AI in the Nonprofit Human Services: Distinguishing Between Hype, Harm, and Hope

Article in Human Service Organizations by Lauri Goldkind, Joy Ming, and Alex Fink

New York City (NYC / New York, NY)
since 2024
Artificial Intelligence, Peer-reviewed research, Nonprofit tech
guides
The Situate AI Guidebook: Co-Designing a Toolkit to Support Multi-Stakeholder Early-stage Deliberations Around Public Sector AI Proposals
arxiv.org/abs/2402.18774

The Situate AI Guidebook: Co-Designing a Toolkit to Support Multi-Stakeholder Early-stage Deliberations Around Public Sector AI Proposals

By Anna Kawakami, Amanda Coston, Haiyi Zhu, Hoda Heidari, Kenneth Holstein

Carnegie Mellon University
since 2024
Govtech, Artificial Intelligence, Playbooks and design principles
guides
Prosocial Media
arxiv.org/abs/2502.10834

Prosocial Media

We propose an alternative platform model that the social fabric an explicit output as well as input. By E. Glen Weyl, Luke Thorburn, Emillie de Keulenaar, Jacob Mchangama, Divya Siddarth, Audrey Tang

Social networks, Ethical tech and responsible tech, Peer-reviewed research
Democratic AI is Possible. The Democracy Levels Framework Shows How It Might Work
arxiv.org/abs/2411.09222

Democratic AI is Possible. The Democracy Levels Framework Shows How It Might Work

In this paper, building on insights from the theory and practice of deliberative democracy, we provide a "Democracy Levels" framework for evaluating the degree to which decisions in a given domain are...

San Francisco
since 2024
Peer-reviewed research, Artificial Intelligence, Governance of AI
Reimagining Democracy for AI
aviv.me/Reimagining-Democracy-for-AI-Journal-of-Democracy.pdf

Reimagining Democracy for AI

By Aviv Ovadya

San Francisco
Artificial Intelligence, Democratic Innovations, Peer-reviewed research
AI can help humans find common ground in democratic deliberation (Habermas Machine)
science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adq2852

AI can help humans find common ground in democratic deliberation (Habermas Machine)

Google DeepMind and Stanford researchers built the "Habermas Machine" and found that AI mediators generated more palatable summary statements of the discussions, as rated by participants, than human-w...

Stanford University, Serra Mall, Stanford, CA
since 2024
Artificial Intelligence, Peer-reviewed research, Deliberation
Google
ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10499247

Softening Online Extremes Using Network Engineering

since 2024
Artificial Intelligence, Peer-reviewed research, Deliberation
Online Technology as a Pathway for Citizen Deliberation and Depolarization
brill.com/view/journals/pgdt/17/3/article-p239_2.xml?language=en

Online Technology as a Pathway for Citizen Deliberation and Depolarization

This article proposes, and presents results from, an online technology platform and a methodology, which can help depolarize sectors of society, with the specific application to the current divisive p...

since 2018
Artificial Intelligence, Peer-reviewed research, Deliberation
Generative Agent Simulations of 1,000 People
arxiv.org/pdf/2411.10109

Generative Agent Simulations of 1,000 People

Stanford + DeepMind study that used LLMs to simulate people with AI agents based on a 2-hour interview

Stanford University, Serra Mall, Stanford, CA
Peer-reviewed research, Academia, Artificial Intelligence
Google
More and Better! Diversifying electronic participation mechanisms and improving the online services offered by Portuguese municipalities
collections.unu.edu/view/UNU:10032

More and Better! Diversifying electronic participation mechanisms and improving the online services offered by Portuguese municipalities

The 2023 edition of the “IPIC – Portuguese Municipal Councils’ Online Presence Index” series of studies presents the results of the evaluation of Portuguese municipal councils’ websites.

Guimarães, Portugal
Report cards and audits, Govtech, Peer-reviewed research
city, Sustainable cities and communities
Baseline vulnerable road user injury risk in multiple U.S. dense urban driving environments
tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15389588.2024.2364050#abstract

Baseline vulnerable road user injury risk in multiple U.S. dense urban driving environments

Waymo partnered with dashcam company Nexar to analyze 500 million miles of driving, including 335 crashes, to create the 'largest ever’ dataset of pedestrian and cyclist injuries

Mountain View, CA
Peer-reviewed research, Cameras, Data science for social good
city, cycling, mobility
Pro-Democracy Organizing against Autocracy in the United States: A Strategic Assessment & Recommendations
papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4245181

Pro-Democracy Organizing against Autocracy in the United States: A Strategic Assessment & Recommendations

A paper published in SSRN by Erica Chenoweth, Zoe Marks

since 2022
Peer-reviewed research, Research and policy centers, Advocacy tech
Project 2025
Climate change psychological distress is associated with increased collective climate action in the U.S.
nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00172-8

Climate change psychological distress is associated with increased collective climate action in the U.S.

"Importantly, people experiencing distress are more likely to engage in collective action on climate change or express a willingness to do so, even when controlling for several correlates of environme...

Organize campaigns, Peer-reviewed research
Climate action, mental health
voxdev.org/topic/finance/can-digital-humanitarian-aid-reach-vulnerable-populations-fragile-states

Can digital humanitarian aid reach vulnerable populations in fragile states?

Evidence from Taliban-controlled Afghanistan shows that digital aid is a cost-effective, credible, and efficient way to reach vulnerable populations, in this case poor, tech-illiterate, female-headed...

Direct aid, Disaster response and humanitarian tech, Peer-reviewed research
Zero hunger
Conspiracy Debunking Conversations
8cz637-thc.shinyapps.io/ConspiracyDebunkingConversations

Conspiracy Debunking Conversations

An open database of conversations ChatGPT had with people who believe in a variety of conspiracy theories, which can be filtered by the efficacy of the conversation in changing beliefs.

Artificial Intelligence, Fight disinformation, Peer-reviewed research
Empowering Indigenous Communities: Land Alienation in Tripura and Restoration through ICT Initiatives
researchgate.net/publication/378685865_Empowering_Indigenous_Communities_Land_Alienation_in_Tripura_and_Restoration_through_ICT_Initiatives

Empowering Indigenous Communities: Land Alienation in Tripura and Restoration through ICT Initiatives

Through a comprehensive analysis of various ICT projects, this study examines the success and challenges of using technology to protect and restore land rights.

India (Bhārat) 🇮🇳
Peer-reviewed research, Academia, Information & Communication Tech for Development (ICT4D)
land, indigenous
arxiv.org/pdf/2405.15985

The Impact and Opportunities of Generative AI in Fact-Checking

Paper by ROBERT WOLFE and TANUSHREE MITRA, University of Washington, United States

Washington state
since 2024
Peer-reviewed research, Academia, Artificial Intelligence
When 'doing ethics' meets public procurement of smart city technology – an Amsterdam case study
dl.designresearchsociety.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1221&context=iasdr

When 'doing ethics' meets public procurement of smart city technology – an Amsterdam case study

[A] multi-stakeholder co-design project – including a citizen panel – is an integral part of the process in which the service is designed and realized

Amsterdam
since 2023
Smart Cities and sensors, Urban planning, Ethical tech and responsible tech
mobility, city, Sustainable cities and communities
Open Data on GitHub: Unlocking the Potential of AI
arxiv.org/abs/2306.06191

Open Data on GitHub: Unlocking the Potential of AI

Academic analysis of open data on Github finds it's "one of the largest hosts of open data in the world and has experienced an accelerated growth of open data assets over the past four years."

Civic data, Open data publishing platforms, Peer-reviewed research
#ISOJ
isoj.org/research

#ISOJ

#GotaGoGama, which criticized Gotabaya's candidacy and highlighted human rights abuses.

Austin, TX
since 2011
Peer-reviewed research, Academia, Journals
Digitalization in Disaster Risk Reduction: The Use of Smartphones to Enhance the Safety of Informal Settlements in Iringa, Tanzania
ictworks.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/informal-settlement-smartphones.pdf

Digitalization in Disaster Risk Reduction: The Use of Smartphones to Enhance the Safety of Informal Settlements in Iringa, Tanzania

The aim of this study was to assess the current use of smartphones by the masons of the informal settlements of Iringa, Tanzania, and to identify pathways for improving their construction practices.

Peer-reviewed research, Smartphones
informal settlements, housing
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