Special coverage / Predecessors & Pioneers

Predecessors & Pioneers

Predecessors catalogs the projects and organizations that were early in and important to the development of the field of civic tech.

Showing 50 of 53 items
Occupy Wall Street
occupywallst.org

Occupy Wall Street

NYC Protest for World Revolution

99 Wall Street NY
Direct action, Specific campaigns, Organize campaigns
Google Summer of Code
summerofcode.withgoogle.com

Google Summer of Code

Google Summer of Code is a global, online program focused on bringing new contributors into open source software development.

Mountain View, CA
Open source, Open source developer networks, Fellowships
Sugestões da população para a Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1988
www12.senado.leg.br/noticias/constituicao-dos-sonhos-en

Sugestões da população para a Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1988

Learn about the history of the 72,000 letters sent by citizens to the Brazilian Constitutional Convention and how to consult them, and the Sistema de Apoio Informático à Constituinte (SAIC)

Brazil (Brasil) 🇧🇷
since 1986
Archives, Constitutions, Crowdsourcing
The Leadership LAB
leadership-lab.org

The Leadership LAB

The Leadership LAB works to reduce prejudice and change voters’ hearts and minds. We have a national reputation for our success developing practical, positive, non-partisan, non-judgmental ways to con...

California
Advocacy tech, Organize campaigns, Canvassing & Doorknocking
WriteToThem
writetothem.com

WriteToThem

Email your Councillor, MP, MSP, MS, MLA or London Assembly Member for free

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 🇬🇧
Communicating with the government, Govtech, Predecessors & Pioneers
Global Privacy Assembly
globalprivacyassembly.com

Global Privacy Assembly

The Assembly seeks to provide leadership at international level in data protection and privacy. It does this by connecting the efforts of more than 130 data protection and privacy authorities from acr...

Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
Predecessors & Pioneers, Digital security and privacy, Data rights
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
foia.gov

The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)

The basic function of the Freedom of Information Act is to ensure informed citizens, vital to the functioning of a democratic society.

Washington, DC
since 1966
Civic tech legislation and policy, Predecessors & Pioneers, Access to information
web.archive.org/web/20110507040402/http://www.mkgandhi.org/chrono/under3.htm

Mahatma Gandhi retires from politics to engage himself in development of village industries

Gandhi advocated for small, local and predominantly village-based technology to help India's villages become self-reliant

India (Bhārat) 🇮🇳
since 1934
Predecessors & Pioneers
The Howard Dean for Iowa Game
persuasivegames.com/game/howarddean

The Howard Dean for Iowa Game

Launched at Christmas 2003 to help Dean supporters understand grassroots outreach and to encourage them to participate in pre-caucus campaigning in Iowa or in their local area. Commissioned by Dean fo...

Iowa
since 2003
Organize campaigns, Games and gamification, Predecessors & Pioneers
Congreso Virtual
congresovirtual.cl

Congreso Virtual

Plataforma de participación ciudadana del Congreso Nacional de Chile

Valparaíso
since 2003
Participatory democracy, Parliamentary and legislative tech, Public engagement with parliaments and legislatures
Wikipedia
wikipedia.org

Wikipedia

San Francisco
since 2001
Open knowledge, Predecessors & Pioneers, Crowdsourcing
Wikipedia
Comitê Gestor da Internet no Brasil (CGI.br)
cgi.br

Comitê Gestor da Internet no Brasil (CGI.br)

O Comitê Gestor da Internet no Brasil tem a atribuição de estabelecer diretrizes estratégicas relacionadas ao uso e desenvolvimento da Internet no Brasil e diretrizes para a execução do registro de No...

Brazil (Brasil) 🇧🇷
since 1995
Internet governance, Predecessors & Pioneers
UN E-Government Survey
publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/en-us/Reports/UN-E-Government-Survey-2024

UN E-Government Survey

Since 2001, the United Nations E-Government Survey has provided a comprehensive assessment of the digital government landscape across all 193 Member States.

since 2001
Learn about civic tech, Govtech, Reports
reports, comparative, city
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
itu.int/en/Pages/default.aspx

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

ITU is the United Nations specialized agency for digital technologies (ICTs). 

Geneva, Switzerland
since 1865
Information & Communication Tech for Development (ICT4D), Govtech, Predecessors & Pioneers
United Nations, International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
VoteMatch
en.prodemos.nl/products-activities/votematch

VoteMatch

VoteMatch was first developed in 1989 as a test on paper to assist voters in understanding the positions of political parties and the key issues of an election. Over time, it evolved into a digital to...

Netherlands (Nederland, Holland) 🇳🇱
since 1989
Matching views to votes, Voting and elections, Predecessors & Pioneers
SCOTUSblog
scotusblog.com

SCOTUSblog

covering the Supreme Court of the United States

United States of America 🇺🇸
since 2002
News and blogs, Legal tech, Predecessors & Pioneers
Directory of Social Change
dsc.org.uk

Directory of Social Change

UK-focused charity capacity-building organization

London
since 1975
Nonprofit tech, Predecessors & Pioneers
The Community Networking Movement
openjournals.uwaterloo.ca/index.php/JoCI/article/view/6136

The Community Networking Movement

They were locally controlled sites on the Internet that typically free services including training and hardware donations, as well as e-mail (years before Google and others got involved) web space, an...

Canada 🇨🇦
since 1994
Predecessors & Pioneers, Neighborhood forums, Community-building resources
KICTANet
kictanet.or.ke

KICTANet

KICTANet is a multi-stakeholder think tank in Kenya that serves as a catalyst for ICT sector reforms through policy advocacy, capacity building, research, and stakeholder engagement.

Nairobi
since 2007
Predecessors & Pioneers, Digital rights, Research and policy centers
Global South Alliance
E-Participation Index (EPI)
publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/en-us/About/Overview/E-Participation-Index

E-Participation Index (EPI)

A country’s EPI reflects the e-participation mechanisms that are deployed by the government as compared to all other countries.

since 2003
Evaluate impact, Govtech, Participatory democracy
United Nations
NLnet Foundation
nlnet.nl

NLnet Foundation

We support organisations and people who contribute to an open internet for all.

Netherlands (Nederland, Holland) 🇳🇱
since 1989
Predecessors & Pioneers, Funders & donors, Get funding
Working for an MP (w4mp)
w4mp.org

Working for an MP (w4mp)

The Working for an MP website is a resource for anyone working for a British Member of Parliament or with an interest in how Parliament works.

Parliament Square, London, UK
since 2000
Govtech, Supporting public sector from outside government, Internal government tech capacity
Open Source Initiative
opensource.org

Open Source Initiative

As steward of the Open Source Definition, we set the foundation for the open source software ecosystem.

West Hollywood
since 1998
Open source, Predecessors & Pioneers
Open Source Definition
opensource.org/osd

Open Source Definition

A long-standing and heavily-cited definition of what it means for a tech project to be "open source"

California
since 2006
Open source, Predecessors & Pioneers
Dods Political Intelligence Platform
dodspoliticalintelligence.com

Dods Political Intelligence Platform

Political monitoring. Set apart by heritage, personal touch and breadth of coverage.

London
since 1832
Parliamentary and congressional monitoring, Parliamentary and legislative tech, Predecessors & Pioneers
Center for Democracy and Technology
cdt.org

Center for Democracy and Technology

The Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT) is the leading nonpartisan, nonprofit organization fighting to advance civil rights and civil liberties in the digital age.

Washington, DC
since 1994
Digital rights, Adjacent Fields, Predecessors & Pioneers
Democracy's Data: The Hidden Stories in the U.S. Census and How to Read Them
us.macmillan.com/books/9780374602543/democracysdata

Democracy's Data: The Hidden Stories in the U.S. Census and How to Read Them

"From the historian Dan Bouk, a lesson in reading between the lines of the U.S. census to uncover the stories behind the data."

since 1940
Civic data, Predecessors & Pioneers, Books
census, books
Closing The Gap Conference
closingthegap.com/conference

Closing The Gap Conference

The Closing The Gap Conference is an annual assistive technology conference that presents an opportunity to deepen your assistive technology (AT) knowledge and strengthen your implementation strategie...

since 1982
Assistive and Accessible Tech, Conferences, Predecessors & Pioneers
New York City Directories
digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/new-york-city-directories#/?tab=about

New York City Directories

Archive of New York City directories

New York City (NYC / New York, NY)
since 1786
Civic data, Predecessors & Pioneers, Mapping
city, libraries, Sustainable cities and communities
IEEE Society on Social Implications of Technology
technologyandsociety.org

IEEE Society on Social Implications of Technology

Focuses on bringing together practicing technologists and researchers to facilitate understanding of the complex interaction between technology, science and society, its impact on individuals and soci...

since 1972
Predecessors & Pioneers, Trade groups
Aspen Movie Map
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspen_Movie_Map

Aspen Movie Map

An early video mapping project of Aspen, Colorado

Aspen
since 1978
Civic maps, Predecessors & Pioneers
X-Road
x-road.global

X-Road

X-Road, the data exchange layer for information systems, is a technological and organizational environment enabling a secure Internet-based data exchange between information systems.

Tallinn
since 1998
Predecessors & Pioneers, Govtech, Civic data
BetaNYC
beta.nyc

BetaNYC

We empower individuals and local communities to build a civically engaged technology ecosystem and provide for an honest and inclusive government. We want New York’s governments to work for the people...

Manhattan Borough President
Civic hacking meetups, Civic apps outfits, Predecessors & Pioneers
Internet Archive
archive.org

Internet Archive

Internet Archive is a non-profit digital library offering free universal access to books, movies & music, as well as 1 TRILLION archived web pages.

San Francisco
since 1996
Archives, Predecessors & Pioneers
JamiiForums
jamiiforums.com

JamiiForums

JamiiForums is a Tanzania-based user-generated content website founded by Maxence Melo and Mike Mushi in 2006

Tanzania, United Republic of (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania) 🇹🇿
since 2006
Online forums, Meet the others, Socialize online
mySociety
mysociety.org

mySociety

mySociety is a not-for-profit social enterprise that exists to invent and popularise websites and apps that enable citizens around the world to exert power over institutions and decision makers.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 🇬🇧
since 2003
Predecessors & Pioneers, Civic apps outfits, Participatory democracy
Access to Information Community of Practice, Parliamentary Monitoring Organizations Community of Practice, CTFG partners
Carl Malamud Launches Free Online Access to SEC EDGAR Records
web.archive.org/web/20121116003640/http://techpresident.com/news/22740/timeline-update-january-17-1994-carl-malamud-launches-free-online-access-sec-edgar

Carl Malamud Launches Free Online Access to SEC EDGAR Records

Until this day, the only way to access the Securities and Exchange Commission's Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (EDGAR) database of filings from public corporations and financial ent...

Washington, DC
since 1994
Civic data, Predecessors & Pioneers, The Tech
Chaos Computer Club
ccc.de

Chaos Computer Club

Europe's largest association of hackers.

Berlin
since 1981
Predecessors & Pioneers
Appropriate technology movement
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appropriate_technology

Appropriate technology movement

a movement (and its manifestations) encompassing technological choice and application that is small-scale, affordable by locals, decentralized, labor-intensive, energy-efficient, environmentally sound...

Bonn, Germany
since 1962
Predecessors & Pioneers
Civic Tech & Design Timeline
civic-tech-timeline.github.io

Civic Tech & Design Timeline

A crowdsourced US timeline of civic tech as a field

since 2018
Predecessors & Pioneers
Electronic Frontier Foundation
eff.org

Electronic Frontier Foundation

The leading nonprofit defending digital privacy, free speech, and innovation.

815 Eddy Street, San Francisco, CA 94109
since 1990
Emerging Tech report orgs, Predecessors & Pioneers, Digital rights
Paul-Brian McInerney circuit riders
sup.org/books/title/?id=11113

Paul-Brian McInerney circuit riders

This book explains the transition by tracing the brief and colorful history of the Circuit Riders, a group of activists who sought to lead nonprofits across the digital divide

Chicago, IL
since 1784
Organize campaigns, Predecessors & Pioneers
Healthcare.gov
healthcare.gov

Healthcare.gov

The Marketplace is a way to find health coverage that meets your needs and budget.

200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20201
since 2013
Predecessors & Pioneers
United States (federal government)
Breaking New Ground: Pioneering Electronic Land Registration in Ontario, 1987-2010
successfulsocieties.princeton.edu/publications/breaking-new-ground-pioneering-electronic-land-registration-ontario

Breaking New Ground: Pioneering Electronic Land Registration in Ontario, 1987-2010

[C]ivil servants at the provincial Ministry of Consumer and Commercial Relations led a groundbreaking effort to form a public–private partnership to convert millions of property records—both from pape...

Ontario
since 1987
Predecessors & Pioneers
land
US Census TIGER
successfulsocieties.princeton.edu/publications/saving-census-google-maps-us-census-bureaus-tiger-system-1980-2010

US Census TIGER

From Saving the Census to Google Maps: The US Census Bureau's TIGER System, 1980-2010

Suite 216 Bendheim Hall Princeton University Princeton, NJ 08544 U.S.A.
since 1990
Civic data, Data visualization, Mapping
census
Ushahidi
ushahidi.com

Ushahidi

Helping people raise their voice and those who serve them to listen and respond better

Nairobi
since 2008
Communicating with the government, Crowdsourcing, Engagement tech
On The Issues
ontheissues.org/default.htm

On The Issues

Tired of media reports of fundraising and poll results instead of policy issues? At OnTheIssues.org, you can see the view of every candidates on every issue.

since 1996
Engagement tech, The Tech, Voter assistance tech
Smartvote
smartvote.ch

Smartvote

smartvote BePart ist eine partizipative Plattform. Über diese Plattform können Bürger/-innen aktiv an der Gestaltung des smartvote-Fragebogens für ihre Wahl teilnehmen und ihre eigenen Ideen und Frage...

Switzerland (Schweiz, Suisse, Svizzera) 🇨🇭
since 2003
Parliamentary and legislative tech, Engagement tech, Participatory democracy
The US Office of Technology Assessment
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Technology_Assessment

The US Office of Technology Assessment

OTA's purpose was to provide Congressional members and committees with objective and authoritative analysis of the complex scientific and technical issues of the late 20th century, i.e. technology ass...

United States of America 🇺🇸
since 1974
Predecessors & Pioneers
Aspiration Tech
aspirationtech.org

Aspiration Tech

Aspiration is a values-driven nonprofit technology organization

PO Box 880264, San Francisco, CA 94188-0264
since 2002
Workshops, Nonprofit tech, Civic and social impact companies
workshops
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